Gum Recession
What is Gum recession?
Gum recession is a condition where the gum tissue that surrounds the teeth pulls away, or recedes, from the tooth surface. This can expose the roots of the teeth, making them sensitive and vulnerable to decay.
What are the causes of gum recession?
Gum recession can be caused by several factors, including:
Gum disease (periodontitis): An infection of the gum tissue that leads to inflammation and bone loss.
Brushing techniques: Aggressive brushing or using a toothbrush with hard bristles can cause gum tissue to recede.
Thin gum tissue: When the gum tissue is thin, it is more vulnerable to injury and less able to withstand physical or mechanical stress. For example, if a person has thin gum tissue and brushes their teeth too aggressively or grinds their teeth, the thin gum tissue may recede, exposing the roots of the teeth.
Genetics: Some people have a genetic predisposition to gum recession.
Clenching or grinding of the teeth: This habit can put excessive force on the gum tissue, causing it to recede.
Hormonal changes: Pregnant women, menopause, and puberty can cause hormonal changes that affect gum tissue.
Tooth position: Teeth that are misaligned can cause gum tissue to recede.
Ill-fitting dental restorations: Bridges, crowns, or dentures that do not fit properly can cause gum tissue to recede.
Orthodontic movements: Orthodontic movement can contribute to gum recession in some cases. When teeth are moved during orthodontic treatment, the surrounding gum tissue can be irritated, especially in patient with thin gum tissue, which can cause the gum line to recede. Additionally, improper brushing or flossing during orthodontic treatment can increase the risk of gum recession.
Should gum recession be treated?
If left untreated, gum recession can progress and lead to more serious dental and health problems, such as:
Tooth sensitivity: Exposed roots can be sensitive to hot, cold, or sweet foods and drinks.
Increased risk of tooth decay: The roots of the teeth are not covered by enamel, which is the protective outer layer of the tooth. This can make the roots more vulnerable to decay.
Increase risk of tooth fracture: When the gum tissue recedes, the roots of the teeth become exposed, which can make them more vulnerable to injury. The roots of the teeth are not covered by enamel, the protective outer layer of the tooth, and are therefore more susceptible to fracture or breakage.
Tooth loss: In advanced cases of gum disease, the tissues and bones that support the teeth can break down, leading to tooth loss.
Aesthetic concerns: Gum recession can make teeth appear longer, which can affect the appearance of a person's smile.
It is important to seek prompt treatment for gum recession to help prevent or manage these potential consequences.
What is gum grafting?
Gum graft or Soft Tissue Augmentation is filling the recessed area with artificial or donor tissue to create a thicker gum line, to cover the exposed roots, or to prevent more recession.
A gum graft is a surgical procedure in which gum tissue is taken from one area of the mouth and transplanted to another area to cover exposed roots or to improve the appearance of the gum line.
Donor tissues can also be used to treat gum recession. Donor tissue can come from cadavers or living donors and is processed to remove all cells and proteins, leaving a tissue matrix that can be used to reinforce or replace lost tissue.
A thorough evaluation by a periodontist is necessary to determine the best course of treatment.
